| rat dw prenatal plus postnatal |
Developmental |
Starting from that day, the rat dams were allowed free access to tap water that had been first boiled and then cooled, with a final fluoride concentration of 1 mg/L, 5 mg/L, or 25 mg/L, depending on the group to which the dams belonged. The control group was given free access to the same tap water containing 0.6 mg F/L with no additional fluoride. Another group was not given fluoridated water during pregnancy; however, drinking water with a 25 mg F/L was supplied beginning on the day the offspring were born. The size of each litter was controlled to 6 to 8 in size, and during the nursing period the dams continued to drink water with the same fluoride concentration. The offspring rats also drank the same water after weaning.; Adult Wistar rats, each weighing approximately 250 g, were provided by the Laboratory Animal Center of the Chinese Medical Science Institute. They were initially kept in cages with a 2-to-1 female: male ratio. The date that a vaginal smear test was discovered to contain sperm was counted as day 0 of the pregnancy. |
| rat dw postnatal only |
Developmental |
Starting from that day, the rat dams were allowed free access to tap water that had been first boiled and then cooled, with a final fluoride concentration of 1 mg/L, 5 mg/L, or 25 mg/L, depending on the group to which the dams belonged. The control group was given free access to the same tap water containing 0.6 mg F/L with no additional fluoride. Another group was not given fluoridated water during pregnancy; however, drinking water with a 25 mg F/L was supplied beginning on the day the offspring were born. The size of each litter was controlled to 6 to 8 in size, and during the nursing period the dams continued to drink water with the same fluoride concentration. The offspring rats also drank the same water after weaning.; Adult Wistar rats, each weighing approximately 250 g, were provided by the Laboratory Animal Center of the Chinese Medical Science Institute. They were initially kept in cages with a 2-to-1 female: male ratio. The date that a vaginal smear test was discovered to contain sperm was counted as day 0 of the pregnancy. |