| rat drinking water_W + NaF |
Subchronic (30-90 days) |
The rats were randomly allocated to each test and control group. The experimental groups (15–18 rats per group) received sodium fluoride solution (filtered water plus sodium fluoride) at 100 ppm (NaF + W: 100 ppm NaF for 30 days followed by tap water for 15 days; W + NaF: tap water for 15 days followed by NaF for 30 days). The control group was given access to drinking water containing 1.54 ppm NaF for 45 days (tap water, delivery by the State Water Company to all residences and buildings in Curitiba, Brazil, corresponding to 0.7 ppm of fluoride or 1.54 ppm NaF).; Adult male Wistar rats from our own breeding colony were used for this study. All rats weighed 280–350 g at the time of behavioral experiments. The rats (30 days old at the beginning of NaF administration) were individually housed in plastic cages (41 9 32 9 16.5 cm) to record individual food and water intake, which were available ad libitum. The animals were maintained in a temperature-controlled room (23 ± 2C) with a 12 h light/dark cycle (lights on at 7 am). The behavioral experiments were conducted during the light phase of the cycle (between 9 am and 2 pm). All experiments and procedures were performed according to the guidelines of animal care established by the UFPR and were performed in accordance with the National Institute of Health Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (USA). |
| rat drinking water_NaF + W |
Subchronic (30-90 days) |
The rats were randomly allocated to each test and control group. The experimental groups (15–18 rats per group) received sodium fluoride solution (filtered water plus sodium fluoride) at 100 ppm (NaF + W: 100 ppm NaF for 30 days followed by tap water for 15 days; W + NaF: tap water for 15 days followed by NaF for 30 days). The control group was given access to drinking water containing 1.54 ppm NaF for 45 days (tap water, delivery by the State Water Company to all residences and buildings in Curitiba, Brazil, corresponding to 0.7 ppm of fluoride or 1.54 ppm NaF).; Adult male Wistar rats from our own breeding colony were used for this study. All rats weighed 280–350 g at the time of behavioral experiments. The rats (30 days old at the beginning of NaF administration) were individually housed in plastic cages (41 9 32 9 16.5 cm) to record individual food and water intake, which were available ad libitum. The animals were maintained in a temperature-controlled room (23 ± 2C) with a 12 h light/dark cycle (lights on at 7 am). The behavioral experiments were conducted during the light phase of the cycle (between 9 am and 2 pm). All experiments and procedures were performed according to the guidelines of animal care established by the UFPR and were performed in accordance with the National Institute of Health Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (USA). |