Liu 2014

Risk of bias

Animal bioassay experiments

NameTypeComments
28-day drinking water Subchronic (30-90 days) 4-week-old BalB/C male mice from the Animal Center of the College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University were housed (26 cm × 18 cm × 13 cm) under a controlled 12-h/12-h light–dark cycle (lights on at 7:00 A.M.) at a room temperature of 22 ± 1 °C and 55 ± 5% humidity. Four mice were housed in each cage. Mice were given free access to water and food. Experiments were performed after 4 weeks of feeding; they were considered adults at 8 weeks. Before each test, the animals were placed in the laboratory for 30 min to be acclimated to the test environment. The experimental protocols were in accordance with the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals published by the US National Institutes of Health and approved by the Xi'an Jiaotong University Laboratory Animal Administration Committee. All efforts were made to minimize the number of animals used and their suffering.