The P generation consisted of five dosage groups, 30 rats per sex per group. APFO or vehicle (water) was administered by oral gavage to the P-generation rats, beginning at 6 weeks of age and at least 70 days before cohabitation, at daily dosages of 0, 1, 3, 10, and 30 mg/kg using a constant volume of 5 ml/kg. Serum PFOA concentrations were determined in the 0, 10, and 30 mg/kg dose-group male and female rats from blood samples taken on the day of sacrifice (approximately 24 h after the last dose) to confirm that maternal PFOA doses were in line with expectations based on previous studies. Male rats in the 0, 10, and 30 mg/kg dose group had serum PFOA concentrations of 0.034±0.015 mg/ml, 51.5±9.3 mg/ml, and 45.3±12.6 mg/ml, respectively.

Male Sprague-Dawley rat (P0)

HAWC